Cervical cancer screening – your guide to making the right decisions

TK covers the costs of annual early cancer screening for insurees aged 20 and over. TK will send you a personal invitation to take part in the government-organised screening programme . You will then receive reminders to attend the recommended screenings every five years.

Between the ages of 20 and 34, you are entitled to an annual PAP test. This involves taking a smear from the cervix and examining it for cell changes. As of the age of 35, the PAP smear is no longer included in the annual routine examination. Instead, you are entitled to a combination check-up every three years comprising a PAP smear and HPV test.

These tests are performed during the screening examination

The PAP test is the most important means of early diagnosis. Your gynaecologist takes a smear of the mucosal cells on the cervix and mouth of the uterus. The smear is examined in a laboratory under a microscope to detect cell changes. If the doctor finds any abnormalities, further tests can be performed, e.g. a test for human papillomaviruses (HPV) or a cervical endoscopy. The HPV test detects human papillomaviruses which are thought to be the main cause of cervical cancer.

Why are regular check-ups so important?

Studies have shown that these check-ups can significantly reduce the incidence of cancer in Germany. The smear test enables precursors to cervical cancer to be detected early on. Indeed, even if cancer has developed, this disease responds well to treatment if caught at an early stage. Regular preventive check-ups are particularly important for immunocompromised women, for example those infected with HIV.

Help with decision-making: there is no need to be anxious about the results

An abnormal PAP result is not automatically a cancer diagnosis. The following articles provide information on what the various findings mean, the treatment options currently available and the risks associated with these. This information has been compiled to help you formulate and pinpoint any questions you may have and discuss these with your doctor. You and your doctor will then be able to decide which procedure is best suited to your situation and what alternatives are available.

Further information:

The cervix - the connection from the inside out

How does cervical cancer develop?

What does early cancer screening involve?

How are cell changes treated?

What surgical options are available?

Berufsverband der Frauenärzte e.V. (BVF): Die jährliche Krebsfrüherkennung in gynäkologischen Praxen bleibt bestehen, 31.12.2019. Frauenärzte im Netz. URL: https://www.frauenaerzte-im-netz.de/aktuelles/meldung/die-jaehrliche-krebsfrueherkennung-in-gynaekologischen-praxen-bleibt-bestehen/ (abgerufen am: 03.08.2020).

Bundesministerium für Gesundheit: Früherkennung und Vorsorge: Verbesserte Früherkennung von Gebärmutterhalskrebs seit Januar 2020, 10.07.2020. URL: https://www.bundesgesundheitsministerium.de/themen/praevention/frueherkennung-vorsorge/frueherkennung-von-gebaermutterhalskrebs.html (abgerufen am: 03.08.2020).

Krebsinformationsdienst des Deutschen Krebsforschungszentrums: Gebärmutterhalskrebs-Früherkennung, 07.07.2020. URL: https://www.krebsinformationsdienst.de/tumorarten/gebaermutterhalskrebs/frueherkennung.php (abgerufen am: 03.08.2020).